The Bessemer converter was a squat, ugly, clay-lined crucible that simplified the problem of removing impurities — excess manganese and carbon, mostly — from pig iron through the process of oxidation. Once the impurities were removed, either as gas [...]
Source: http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2010/11/nov-11-1856-bessemer-becomes-the-man-of-steel-2/
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